• Guardian ad Litem Overview:


    • Appointed by the court pursuant to 705 ILCS 405/2-17.
    • Has the authority to call witnesses and present evidence.
    • GAL Appointment models vary across the state. Examples include: Contract attorneys, (Assistant) Public Defenders, CASA or dedicated offices
    • The purpose of the GAL is to advocate for the minor's best interest.
    • In some counties attorneys act in a dual role of GAL and Attorney for the Child
      • What are best interest factors under the Illinois Juvenile Court Act?

    (4.05) Whenever a "best interest" determination is required, the following factors shall be considered in the context of the child's age and developmental needs:

    • (a) the physical safety and welfare of the child, food, shelter, health, and clothing;
    • (b) the development of the child's identity;
    • (c) the child's background and ties, including familial, cultural, and religious;
    • (d) the child's sense of attachments, including:
    • (i) where the child actually feels love, attachment, and a sense of being valued (as opposed to where adults believe the child should feel such love, attachment, and a sense of being valued);
    • (ii) the child's sense of security;
    • (iii) the child's sense of familiarity;
    • (iv) continuity of affection for the child;
    • (v) the least disruptive placement alternative for the child;
    • (e) the child's wishes and long-term goals;
    • (f) the child's community ties, including church, school, and friends;
    • (g) the child's need for permanence which includes the child's need for stability and continuity of relationships with parent figures and with siblings and other relatives;
    • (h) the uniqueness of every family and child;
    • (i) the risks attendant to entering and being in substitute care; and
    • (j) the preferences of the persons available to care for the child.

    705 ILCS 405/1-3 (4.05)

  • Alpa Patel
    Chief Deputy, Office of the Public Guardian, Circuit Court of Cook County

    What Makes a Good Guardian Ad Litem


    • Diligence, consistency, empathy
    • Continuously developing your knowledge base
  • Alpa Patel
    Chief Deputy, Office of the Public Guardian, Circuit Court of Cook County

    Dual Role Model For Representation


    • Child is appointed an attorney.
    • That attorney serves as both GAL and attorney for the child.
  • Janel Freeman
    Guardian ad litem, 3rd Judicial Circuit

    What Makes a Good Guardian Ad Litem


    • Meet youth where they are at - adjust your approach for factors such as age.
    • It may be appropriate to discuss specifics with older youth.
  • Hon. Ericka Sanders
    Associate Judge, 4th Judicial Circuit

    What does the Court need from a GAL?


    • The judge needs a GAL to be an extra set of eyes and ears.
    • The GAL needs to make contact with the child and talk to the child.
  • Melissa Frydman
    Director of Clinical Education & Clinical Professor of Law, University of Illinois College of Law

    Models of GAL Representation


    Examples include:

    • Assistant Public Defenders
    • Contract Attorneys
    • Dual role
    • Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA)
  • Melissa Frydman
    Director of Clinical Education & Clinical Professor of Law, University of Illinois College of Law

    What Makes a Good GAL


    • Understand the best interest factors and what the court is going to consider.
    • Making objective recommendations.
  • Hon. Kimberly Lewis
    Circuit Judge, Circuit Court of Cook County

    Dual Role Model For Representation


    • Child is appointed an attorney.
    • That attorney serves as both GAL and attorney for the child.